Corporate & Business Documents
DBD affidavits, shareholder lists, financials, contracts and export papers.
16 answers in this topic — written by our licensed Thai attorneys, updated for 2026.
Q1.Which corporate documents are most often legalized for overseas use?
DBD company affidavits, shareholder lists (BorJor.5), memoranda of association, VAT registration (Por.Por.20), audited financial statements, board resolutions, Certificates of Free Sale and cross-border commercial contracts. Recertify them within three to six months of issue, translate into English, then have the translation certified before the consular stamp.
Q2.How recent must a DBD company affidavit be before legalization?
The Legalization Division accepts DBD affidavits issued within the last three months, signed by the registrar and bearing the Garuda seal. Self-printed DBD e-Service PDFs are refused. When you order the affidavit, request certified copies of the BorOrJor.5 shareholder list and the latest audited financial statements at the same time so the whole corporate set moves through in one submission round.
Q3.Which corporate documents do I need to open a subsidiary abroad?
The standard bundle is the company affidavit, shareholder list, memorandum of association, the board resolution approving the investment, a power of attorney for the signatory abroad, and the most recent financial statements. Each is translated into English, the translation is certified, and the set is legalized at the MFA. For non-Hague destinations, the destination embassy adds a final stamp.
Q4.Do export contracts and invoices need Chamber of Commerce certification first?
For most Middle East markets, yes. The chain is company letterhead document, Board of Trade of Thailand certification, MFA legalization, then the destination embassy. Certificates of Origin are issued through the Department of Foreign Trade. The company name and registration number must match the DBD affidavit character for character or the file is rejected.
Q5.Can the Thai MFA legalize a foreign passport?
Not the passport's contents directly. The workable route is to have a Thai lawyer holding a Notarial Services Attorney licence certify the copy of the passport page, then have that lawyer's signature legalized by the Department of Consular Affairs, and add the destination embassy stamp where the country is not covered by the Apostille route. This is standard for foreign bank openings, company formation and property files.
Q6.What extra step do documents for foreign court proceedings need?
Courts usually require a translator's affidavit or certificate of accuracy attached to the translation, stating the translator's name, qualifications and a declaration of fidelity, signed before a notarial services attorney. That signature is then legalized by the MFA and, where required, by the destination embassy under that court's evidence rules.
Q7.Is genuine 24-hour legalization possible?
Only when the originals are already complete and the translation is finished: express filing before 11:30 is returned the same afternoon. If you still need a district office extract, a DBD affidavit, or a destination embassy stamp, 24 hours is not achievable because embassies run their own two to seven working-day cycles.
Q8.Why might an embassy still demand legalization despite the Apostille Convention?
The Convention only operates between contracting states that have not objected to each other's accession. If a member state files an objection to Thailand's accession within the prescribed period, the Convention does not apply between those two states and the traditional embassy chain remains. Always check the HCCH status table country by country before planning a file.
Q9.What does an agent need to file on my behalf?
A power of attorney with a clearly defined scope, duty-stamped under Stamp Duty Instrument 7 (THB 10 for a single act, THB 30 for repeated acts), a signed copy of the principal's ID or passport page, and a copy of the agent's ID. Companies must also attach a DBD affidavit no older than six months, signed by the authorized directors with the registered seal.
Q10.Which corporate documents make up a standard legalization bundle?
A DBD affidavit (company certificate) of recent issue, the shareholder list (Bor Or Jor 5), the memorandum of association, the VAT certificate (Por Por 20), and financial statements if the destination requires them. Each must be an officially certified copy before translation and filing. The English company name must match the registered English name exactly — never re-translate it.
Q11.Do Middle East filings really require Chamber of Commerce certification first?
For commercial documents — invoices, sales contracts, certificates of origin — most Gulf states require Board of Trade of Thailand certification before the MFA and the destination embassy. Personal documents such as birth or marriage certificates skip the chamber step entirely.
Q12.What are the most common embassy rejection reasons?
Name spelling that does not match the passport, wrong sequence (embassy before MFA), uncertified photocopies instead of registrar-certified originals, and documents that exceed the validity window such as a single-status or company certificate older than three months.
Q13.What corporate documents does a Thai company legalize to open a subsidiary abroad?
The standard set is the company affidavit, shareholder list (BOJ.5), memorandum of association, VAT certificate (Phor Phor 20) and the board resolution approving the investment. Order the extracts freshly from DBD, translate them into the destination language, legalize the translation and the registrar's signature at the MFA Legalization Division, then add the destination embassy step or an Apostille where accepted. The common trap is document age: most recipients count validity from the DBD issue date, not the legalization date. Our team orders, translates and queues the whole set in one pass so nothing expires mid-process.
Q14.Should each corporate document be legalized separately or as one bound set?
MFA fees are charged per stamp, so binding reduces cost only when the recipient accepts a single certification with a cover page stating the page count. Banks and foreign company registrars usually want a stamp on each document because they file them separately. Ask the receiving party whether documents will be used independently; if yes, legalize per document. We assess this before filing so you neither pay for duplicate stamps nor have to refile.
Q15.How many steps does a Thai corporate power of attorney need for overseas use?
Normally four: the authorised director signs with the company seal as shown on the affidavit; a Notarial Services Attorney certifies the signature and signing authority; the MFA legalizes the attorney's signature and the translation; the destination embassy legalizes next, or an Apostille is issued where the destination accepts it. Keep the scope specific — opening an account, signing a named contract, selling a named asset — because broadly worded powers are routinely rejected abroad.
Q16.Can privately issued documents such as employment letters be legalized in Thailand?
Yes, but the route differs from public documents. The MFA legalizes a signature that has first been certified by an attorney or competent authority. In practice HR issues the letter on company letterhead, an authorised signatory signs it, you attach the company affidavit and BOJ.5, an attorney certifies the signature, and the file then goes to the MFA. State the position, start date and salary currency so the letter matches the payslips or bank statements filed alongside it.
Full-service consular legalization
Certified translation → MFA legalization → destination embassy or Apostille 2026 → worldwide delivery.
Talk to our team →Official sources referenced
- • กองสัญชาติและนิติกรณ์ กรมการกงสุล (consular.mfa.go.th)
- • กระทรวงการต่างประเทศ (mfa.go.th)
- • HCCH — Apostille Section (hcch.net)
Government fees and processing times on this page were last verified in July 2026 by our Notarial Services Attorneys registered with the Lawyers Council of Thailand. Figures follow published agency schedules, may change without notice, and actual turnaround depends on each authority's queue. Please reconfirm with the issuing authority before you file.